PCOS

Definition

Syndrome manifested by amenorrhea, hirusitism and obesity associated with enlarged polycystic ovaries.

It is most common endocrine disorder in a women of reproductive age.

Cause of PCOS

Excessive androgen protection by the ovaries mainly.

Diagnosis

Based upon the presence of any two of the following three criteria:

•Oligo and/or anovulation

•Hyperandrogenism

•Polycystic ovaries

Other

•Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

•Thyroid dysfunction

•Hyperprolactinemia

•Cushing syndrome

Clinical features

•Obesity

•Menstrual abnormalities

•Hershtism and acne

•Acanthosis nigricans

Investigations

•Sonography

•Serum values

•Insulin resistance

•Laproscopy

•Lipid profile

•Glucose tolerance test

Treatment

•Obesity and metabolic syndrome: exercise, diet, change in lifestyle

•Subfertility: ovulation indication→ letrizole, ± metformin, ± gonadotropins.

•Abnormal uterine bleeding: progestins, combine oral contraceptives( COCs).

•Body hair: androgens, COCs.